[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":4769},["ShallowReactive",2],{"wiki-page-\u002Fzh-tw\u002Fwiki\u002F2023-10-05-cplusplus-jiao-xue\u002F1000-jie-gou-ti-yu-gong-yong-ti":3,"wiki-doc-items-\u002Fzh-tw\u002Fwiki\u002F2023-10-05-cplusplus-jiao-xue\u002F1000-jie-gou-ti-yu-gong-yong-ti":4348,"language-switcher-data-\u002Fzh-tw\u002Fwiki\u002F2023-10-05-cplusplus-jiao-xue\u002F1000-jie-gou-ti-yu-gong-yong-ti":4753,"wiki-i18n-paths-\u002Fzh-tw\u002Fwiki\u002F2023-10-05-cplusplus-jiao-xue\u002F1000-jie-gou-ti-yu-gong-yong-ti":4768},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"canonicalPath":4329,"chapterDepth":4330,"chapterOrder":4331,"date":4332,"description":61,"docI18nKey":4333,"docKey":4334,"docRoot":4335,"docTitle":4336,"extension":4337,"i18nKey":4338,"isBlogPost":4339,"isWikiDoc":143,"isWikiIndex":4339,"layout":4340,"legacyPath":4340,"locale":4341,"localeSlug":4342,"meta":4343,"navigation":143,"path":4329,"seo":4344,"sourcePath":4345,"sourceStem":4338,"stem":4346,"wikiDepth":68,"__hash__":4347},"content\u002F_i18n\u002Fzh-tw\u002Fwiki\u002F2023-10-05-Cplusplus教学\u002F1000-结构体与共用体.md","結構體與共用體",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":4307},"minimark",[9,13,17,21,24,34,37,50,55,480,485,493,499,504,509,512,515,522,526,785,794,797,800,809,813,1007,1011,1017,1022,1025,1031,1034,1038,1358,1362,1368,1371,1374,1377,1380,1388,1392,1780,1784,1790,1795,1799,1802,1806,2010,2014,2020,2023,2027,2032,2035,2038,2041,2044,2048,2621,2626,2632,2635,2639,2642,2645,2648,2744,2753,2757,3285,3290,3296,3299,3303,3306,3312,3315,3359,3365,3368,3383,3476,3482,3602,3608,3611,3614,3630,3636,3639,3656,3662,3665,3685,3691,3694,3700,3782,3788,3793,3797,3802,3872,3878,3889,4114,4120,4124,4130,4133,4140,4184,4190,4294,4300,4303],[10,11,12],"h2",{"id":12},"結構體",[14,15,16],"h3",{"id":16},"結構體基本概念",[18,19,20],"p",{},"結構體屬於用戶==自定義的數據類型==，允許用戶存儲不同的數據類型",[14,22,23],{"id":23},"結構體定義和使用",[18,25,26,30],{},[27,28,29],"strong",{},"語法：",[31,32,33],"code",{},"struct 结构体名 { 结构体成员列表 }；",[18,35,36],{},"通過結構體創建變量的方式有三種：",[38,39,40,44,47],"ul",{},[41,42,43],"li",{},"struct 結構體名 變量名",[41,45,46],{},"struct 結構體名 變量名 = { 成員1值 ， 成員2值...}",[41,48,49],{},"定義結構體時順便創建變量",[18,51,52],{},[27,53,54],{},"示例：",[56,57,62],"pre",{"className":58,"code":59,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"language-cpp shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","\u002F\u002F结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n}stu3; \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式3 \n\nint main() {\n\n \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式1\n struct student stu1; \u002F\u002Fstruct 关键字可以省略\n\n stu1.name = \"张三\";\n stu1.age = 18;\n stu1.score = 100;\n \n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu1.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C stu1.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu1.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式2\n struct student stu2 = { \"李四\",19,60 };\n\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu2.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C stu2.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu2.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n stu3.name = \"王五\";\n stu3.age = 18;\n stu3.score = 80;\n \n\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu3.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C stu3.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu3.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n","cpp","",[31,63,64,73,84,91,97,106,118,129,138,145,157,162,168,183,188,204,218,231,237,280,285,291,323,328,364,369,382,394,407,412,417,453,458,463,474],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,66,69],"span",{"class":67,"line":68},"line",1,[65,70,72],{"class":71},"sJ8bj","\u002F\u002F结构体定义\n",[65,74,76,80],{"class":67,"line":75},2,[65,77,79],{"class":78},"szBVR","struct",[65,81,83],{"class":82},"sScJk"," student\n",[65,85,87],{"class":67,"line":86},3,[65,88,90],{"class":89},"sVt8B","{\n",[65,92,94],{"class":67,"line":93},4,[65,95,96],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F成员列表\n",[65,98,100,103],{"class":67,"line":99},5,[65,101,102],{"class":89}," string name;",[65,104,105],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F姓名\n",[65,107,109,112,115],{"class":67,"line":108},6,[65,110,111],{"class":78}," int",[65,113,114],{"class":89}," age;",[65,116,117],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F年龄\n",[65,119,121,123,126],{"class":67,"line":120},7,[65,122,111],{"class":78},[65,124,125],{"class":89}," score;",[65,127,128],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F分数\n",[65,130,132,135],{"class":67,"line":131},8,[65,133,134],{"class":89},"}stu3;",[65,136,137],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式3 \n",[65,139,141],{"class":67,"line":140},9,[65,142,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},true,"\n",[65,146,148,151,154],{"class":67,"line":147},10,[65,149,150],{"class":78},"int",[65,152,153],{"class":82}," main",[65,155,156],{"class":89},"() {\n",[65,158,160],{"class":67,"line":159},11,[65,161,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,163,165],{"class":67,"line":164},12,[65,166,167],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式1\n",[65,169,171,174,177,180],{"class":67,"line":170},13,[65,172,173],{"class":78}," struct",[65,175,176],{"class":82}," student",[65,178,179],{"class":89}," stu1;",[65,181,182],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002Fstruct 关键字可以省略\n",[65,184,186],{"class":67,"line":185},14,[65,187,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,189,191,194,197,201],{"class":67,"line":190},15,[65,192,193],{"class":89}," stu1.name ",[65,195,196],{"class":78},"=",[65,198,200],{"class":199},"sZZnC"," \"张三\"",[65,202,203],{"class":89},";\n",[65,205,207,210,212,216],{"class":67,"line":206},16,[65,208,209],{"class":89}," stu1.age ",[65,211,196],{"class":78},[65,213,215],{"class":214},"sj4cs"," 18",[65,217,203],{"class":89},[65,219,221,224,226,229],{"class":67,"line":220},17,[65,222,223],{"class":89}," stu1.score ",[65,225,196],{"class":78},[65,227,228],{"class":214}," 100",[65,230,203],{"class":89},[65,232,234],{"class":67,"line":233},18,[65,235,236],{"class":89}," \n",[65,238,240,243,246,249,252,255,257,260,262,265,267,270,272,275,277],{"class":67,"line":239},19,[65,241,242],{"class":89}," cout ",[65,244,245],{"class":78},"\u003C\u003C",[65,247,248],{"class":199}," \"姓名：\"",[65,250,251],{"class":78}," \u003C\u003C",[65,253,254],{"class":89}," stu1.name ",[65,256,245],{"class":78},[65,258,259],{"class":199}," \" 年龄：\"",[65,261,251],{"class":78},[65,263,264],{"class":89}," stu1.age ",[65,266,245],{"class":78},[65,268,269],{"class":199}," \" 分数：\"",[65,271,251],{"class":78},[65,273,274],{"class":89}," stu1.score ",[65,276,245],{"class":78},[65,278,279],{"class":89}," endl;\n",[65,281,283],{"class":67,"line":282},20,[65,284,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,286,288],{"class":67,"line":287},21,[65,289,290],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F结构体变量创建方式2\n",[65,292,294,296,298,301,303,306,309,312,315,317,320],{"class":67,"line":293},22,[65,295,173],{"class":78},[65,297,176],{"class":82},[65,299,300],{"class":89}," stu2 ",[65,302,196],{"class":78},[65,304,305],{"class":89}," { ",[65,307,308],{"class":199},"\"李四\"",[65,310,311],{"class":89},",",[65,313,314],{"class":214},"19",[65,316,311],{"class":89},[65,318,319],{"class":214},"60",[65,321,322],{"class":89}," };\n",[65,324,326],{"class":67,"line":325},23,[65,327,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,329,331,333,335,337,339,342,344,346,348,351,353,355,357,360,362],{"class":67,"line":330},24,[65,332,242],{"class":89},[65,334,245],{"class":78},[65,336,248],{"class":199},[65,338,251],{"class":78},[65,340,341],{"class":89}," stu2.name ",[65,343,245],{"class":78},[65,345,259],{"class":199},[65,347,251],{"class":78},[65,349,350],{"class":89}," stu2.age ",[65,352,245],{"class":78},[65,354,269],{"class":199},[65,356,251],{"class":78},[65,358,359],{"class":89}," stu2.score ",[65,361,245],{"class":78},[65,363,279],{"class":89},[65,365,367],{"class":67,"line":366},25,[65,368,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,370,372,375,377,380],{"class":67,"line":371},26,[65,373,374],{"class":89}," stu3.name ",[65,376,196],{"class":78},[65,378,379],{"class":199}," \"王五\"",[65,381,203],{"class":89},[65,383,385,388,390,392],{"class":67,"line":384},27,[65,386,387],{"class":89}," stu3.age ",[65,389,196],{"class":78},[65,391,215],{"class":214},[65,393,203],{"class":89},[65,395,397,400,402,405],{"class":67,"line":396},28,[65,398,399],{"class":89}," stu3.score ",[65,401,196],{"class":78},[65,403,404],{"class":214}," 80",[65,406,203],{"class":89},[65,408,410],{"class":67,"line":409},29,[65,411,236],{"class":89},[65,413,415],{"class":67,"line":414},30,[65,416,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,418,420,422,424,426,428,431,433,435,437,440,442,444,446,449,451],{"class":67,"line":419},31,[65,421,242],{"class":89},[65,423,245],{"class":78},[65,425,248],{"class":199},[65,427,251],{"class":78},[65,429,430],{"class":89}," stu3.name ",[65,432,245],{"class":78},[65,434,259],{"class":199},[65,436,251],{"class":78},[65,438,439],{"class":89}," stu3.age ",[65,441,245],{"class":78},[65,443,269],{"class":199},[65,445,251],{"class":78},[65,447,448],{"class":89}," stu3.score ",[65,450,245],{"class":78},[65,452,279],{"class":89},[65,454,456],{"class":67,"line":455},32,[65,457,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,459,461],{"class":67,"line":460},33,[65,462,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,464,466,469,472],{"class":67,"line":465},34,[65,467,468],{"class":78}," return",[65,470,471],{"class":214}," 0",[65,473,203],{"class":89},[65,475,477],{"class":67,"line":476},35,[65,478,479],{"class":89},"}\n",[18,481,482],{},[27,483,484],{},"運行結果：",[56,486,491],{"className":487,"code":489,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"language-text","姓名：张三 年龄：18 分数：100\n姓名：李四 年龄：19 分数：60\n姓名：王五 年龄：18 分数：80\n","text",[31,492,489],{"__ignoreMap":61},[494,495,496],"blockquote",{},[18,497,498],{},"總結1：定義結構體時的關鍵字是struct，不可省略",[494,500,501],{},[18,502,503],{},"總結2：創建結構體變量時，關鍵字struct可以省略",[494,505,506],{},[18,507,508],{},"總結3：結構體變量利用操作符 ''.'' 訪問成員",[14,510,511],{"id":511},"結構體數組",[18,513,514],{},"**作用：**將自定義的結構體放入到數組中方便維護",[18,516,517,519],{},[27,518,29],{},[31,520,521],{}," struct 结构体名 数组名[元素个数] = { {} , {} , ... {} }",[18,523,524],{},[27,525,54],{},[56,527,529],{"className":58,"code":528,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n}\n\nint main() {\n \n \u002F\u002F结构体数组\n struct student arr[3]=\n {\n {\"张三\",18,80 },\n {\"李四\",19,60 },\n {\"王五\",20,70 }\n };\n\n for (int i = 0; i \u003C 3; i++)\n {\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C arr[i].name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C arr[i].age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C arr[i].score \u003C\u003C endl;\n }\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,530,531,535,541,545,549,555,563,571,575,579,587,591,596,614,619,640,656,676,681,685,720,724,760,765,769,773,781],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,532,533],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,534,72],{"class":71},[65,536,537,539],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,538,79],{"class":78},[65,540,83],{"class":82},[65,542,543],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,544,90],{"class":89},[65,546,547],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,548,96],{"class":71},[65,550,551,553],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,552,102],{"class":89},[65,554,105],{"class":71},[65,556,557,559,561],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,558,111],{"class":78},[65,560,114],{"class":89},[65,562,117],{"class":71},[65,564,565,567,569],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,566,111],{"class":78},[65,568,125],{"class":89},[65,570,128],{"class":71},[65,572,573],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,574,479],{"class":89},[65,576,577],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,578,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,580,581,583,585],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,582,150],{"class":78},[65,584,153],{"class":82},[65,586,156],{"class":89},[65,588,589],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,590,236],{"class":89},[65,592,593],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,594,595],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F结构体数组\n",[65,597,598,600,602,605,608,611],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,599,173],{"class":78},[65,601,176],{"class":82},[65,603,604],{"class":89}," arr[",[65,606,607],{"class":214},"3",[65,609,610],{"class":89},"]",[65,612,613],{"class":78},"=\n",[65,615,616],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,617,618],{"class":89}," {\n",[65,620,621,624,627,629,632,634,637],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,622,623],{"class":89}," {",[65,625,626],{"class":199},"\"张三\"",[65,628,311],{"class":89},[65,630,631],{"class":214},"18",[65,633,311],{"class":89},[65,635,636],{"class":214},"80",[65,638,639],{"class":89}," },\n",[65,641,642,644,646,648,650,652,654],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,643,623],{"class":89},[65,645,308],{"class":199},[65,647,311],{"class":89},[65,649,314],{"class":214},[65,651,311],{"class":89},[65,653,319],{"class":214},[65,655,639],{"class":89},[65,657,658,660,663,665,668,670,673],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,659,623],{"class":89},[65,661,662],{"class":199},"\"王五\"",[65,664,311],{"class":89},[65,666,667],{"class":214},"20",[65,669,311],{"class":89},[65,671,672],{"class":214},"70",[65,674,675],{"class":89}," }\n",[65,677,678],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,679,680],{"class":89}," };\n",[65,682,683],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,684,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,686,687,690,693,695,698,700,702,705,708,711,714,717],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,688,689],{"class":78}," for",[65,691,692],{"class":89}," (",[65,694,150],{"class":78},[65,696,697],{"class":89}," i ",[65,699,196],{"class":78},[65,701,471],{"class":214},[65,703,704],{"class":89},"; i ",[65,706,707],{"class":78},"\u003C",[65,709,710],{"class":214}," 3",[65,712,713],{"class":89},"; i",[65,715,716],{"class":78},"++",[65,718,719],{"class":89},")\n",[65,721,722],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,723,618],{"class":89},[65,725,726,729,731,733,735,738,740,742,744,747,749,751,753,756,758],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,727,728],{"class":89}," cout ",[65,730,245],{"class":78},[65,732,248],{"class":199},[65,734,251],{"class":78},[65,736,737],{"class":89}," arr[i].name ",[65,739,245],{"class":78},[65,741,259],{"class":199},[65,743,251],{"class":78},[65,745,746],{"class":89}," arr[i].age ",[65,748,245],{"class":78},[65,750,269],{"class":199},[65,752,251],{"class":78},[65,754,755],{"class":89}," arr[i].score ",[65,757,245],{"class":78},[65,759,279],{"class":89},[65,761,762],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,763,764],{"class":89}," }\n",[65,766,767],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,768,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,770,771],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,772,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,774,775,777,779],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,776,468],{"class":78},[65,778,471],{"class":214},[65,780,203],{"class":89},[65,782,783],{"class":67,"line":384},[65,784,479],{"class":89},[18,786,787,789,790,793],{},[27,788,484],{}," 編譯失敗：結構體定義末尾缺少分號 ",[31,791,792],{},";","，程序不會生成可執行文件。",[14,795,796],{"id":796},"結構體指針",[18,798,799],{},"**作用：**通過指針訪問結構體中的成員",[38,801,802],{},[41,803,804,805,808],{},"利用操作符 ",[31,806,807],{},"-> ","可以通過結構體指針訪問結構體屬性",[18,810,811],{},[27,812,54],{},[56,814,816],{"className":58,"code":815,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n};\n\nint main() {\n \n struct student stu = { \"张三\",18,100, };\n \n struct student * p = &stu;\n \n p->score = 80; \u002F\u002F指针通过 -> 操作符可以访问成员\n\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C p->name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C p->age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C p->score \u003C\u003C endl;\n \n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,817,818,822,828,832,836,842,850,858,863,867,875,879,906,910,930,934,948,952,987,991,995,1003],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,819,820],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,821,72],{"class":71},[65,823,824,826],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,825,79],{"class":78},[65,827,83],{"class":82},[65,829,830],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,831,90],{"class":89},[65,833,834],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,835,96],{"class":71},[65,837,838,840],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,839,102],{"class":89},[65,841,105],{"class":71},[65,843,844,846,848],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,845,111],{"class":78},[65,847,114],{"class":89},[65,849,117],{"class":71},[65,851,852,854,856],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,853,111],{"class":78},[65,855,125],{"class":89},[65,857,128],{"class":71},[65,859,860],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,861,862],{"class":89},"};\n",[65,864,865],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,866,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,868,869,871,873],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,870,150],{"class":78},[65,872,153],{"class":82},[65,874,156],{"class":89},[65,876,877],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,878,236],{"class":89},[65,880,881,883,885,888,890,892,894,896,898,900,903],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,882,173],{"class":78},[65,884,176],{"class":82},[65,886,887],{"class":89}," stu ",[65,889,196],{"class":78},[65,891,305],{"class":89},[65,893,626],{"class":199},[65,895,311],{"class":89},[65,897,631],{"class":214},[65,899,311],{"class":89},[65,901,902],{"class":214},"100",[65,904,905],{"class":89},", };\n",[65,907,908],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,909,236],{"class":89},[65,911,912,914,916,919,922,924,927],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,913,173],{"class":78},[65,915,176],{"class":82},[65,917,918],{"class":78}," *",[65,920,921],{"class":89}," p ",[65,923,196],{"class":78},[65,925,926],{"class":78}," &",[65,928,929],{"class":89},"stu;\n",[65,931,932],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,933,236],{"class":89},[65,935,936,939,941,943,945],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,937,938],{"class":89}," p->score ",[65,940,196],{"class":78},[65,942,404],{"class":214},[65,944,792],{"class":89},[65,946,947],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F指针通过 -> 操作符可以访问成员\n",[65,949,950],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,951,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,953,954,956,958,960,962,965,967,969,971,974,976,978,980,983,985],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,955,242],{"class":89},[65,957,245],{"class":78},[65,959,248],{"class":199},[65,961,251],{"class":78},[65,963,964],{"class":89}," p->name ",[65,966,245],{"class":78},[65,968,259],{"class":199},[65,970,251],{"class":78},[65,972,973],{"class":89}," p->age ",[65,975,245],{"class":78},[65,977,269],{"class":199},[65,979,251],{"class":78},[65,981,982],{"class":89}," p->score ",[65,984,245],{"class":78},[65,986,279],{"class":89},[65,988,989],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,990,236],{"class":89},[65,992,993],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,994,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,996,997,999,1001],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,998,468],{"class":78},[65,1000,471],{"class":214},[65,1002,203],{"class":89},[65,1004,1005],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,1006,479],{"class":89},[18,1008,1009],{},[27,1010,484],{},[56,1012,1015],{"className":1013,"code":1014,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"姓名：张三 年龄：18 分数：80\n",[31,1016,1014],{"__ignoreMap":61},[494,1018,1019],{},[18,1020,1021],{},"總結：結構體指針可以通過 -> 操作符 來訪問結構體中的成員",[14,1023,1024],{"id":1024},"結構體嵌套結構體",[18,1026,1027,1030],{},[27,1028,1029],{},"作用："," 結構體中的成員可以是另一個結構體",[18,1032,1033],{},"**例如：**每個老師輔導一個學員，一個老師的結構體中，記錄一個學生的結構體",[18,1035,1036],{},[27,1037,54],{},[56,1039,1041],{"className":58,"code":1040,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F学生结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n};\n\n\u002F\u002F教师结构体定义\nstruct teacher\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n int id; \u002F\u002F职工编号\n string name; \u002F\u002F教师姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F教师年龄\n struct student stu; \u002F\u002F子结构体 学生\n};\n\nint main() {\n\n struct teacher t1;\n t1.id = 10000;\n t1.name = \"老王\";\n t1.age = 40;\n\n t1.stu.name = \"张三\";\n t1.stu.age = 18;\n t1.stu.score = 100;\n\n cout \u003C\u003C \"教师 职工编号： \" \u003C\u003C t1.id \u003C\u003C \" 姓名： \" \u003C\u003C t1.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C t1.age \u003C\u003C endl;\n \n cout \u003C\u003C \"辅导学员 姓名： \" \u003C\u003C t1.stu.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C t1.stu.age \u003C\u003C \" 考试分数： \" \u003C\u003C t1.stu.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,1042,1043,1048,1054,1058,1062,1068,1076,1084,1088,1092,1097,1104,1108,1112,1122,1129,1138,1150,1154,1158,1166,1170,1180,1192,1204,1216,1220,1231,1242,1253,1257,1295,1299,1336,1340,1344,1353],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,1044,1045],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,1046,1047],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F学生结构体定义\n",[65,1049,1050,1052],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,1051,79],{"class":78},[65,1053,83],{"class":82},[65,1055,1056],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,1057,90],{"class":89},[65,1059,1060],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,1061,96],{"class":71},[65,1063,1064,1066],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,1065,102],{"class":89},[65,1067,105],{"class":71},[65,1069,1070,1072,1074],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,1071,111],{"class":78},[65,1073,114],{"class":89},[65,1075,117],{"class":71},[65,1077,1078,1080,1082],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,1079,111],{"class":78},[65,1081,125],{"class":89},[65,1083,128],{"class":71},[65,1085,1086],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,1087,862],{"class":89},[65,1089,1090],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,1091,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1093,1094],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,1095,1096],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F教师结构体定义\n",[65,1098,1099,1101],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,1100,79],{"class":78},[65,1102,1103],{"class":82}," teacher\n",[65,1105,1106],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,1107,90],{"class":89},[65,1109,1110],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,1111,96],{"class":71},[65,1113,1114,1116,1119],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,1115,111],{"class":78},[65,1117,1118],{"class":89}," id;",[65,1120,1121],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F职工编号\n",[65,1123,1124,1126],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,1125,102],{"class":89},[65,1127,1128],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F教师姓名\n",[65,1130,1131,1133,1135],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,1132,111],{"class":78},[65,1134,114],{"class":89},[65,1136,1137],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F教师年龄\n",[65,1139,1140,1142,1144,1147],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,1141,173],{"class":78},[65,1143,176],{"class":82},[65,1145,1146],{"class":89}," stu;",[65,1148,1149],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F子结构体 学生\n",[65,1151,1152],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,1153,862],{"class":89},[65,1155,1156],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,1157,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1159,1160,1162,1164],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,1161,150],{"class":78},[65,1163,153],{"class":82},[65,1165,156],{"class":89},[65,1167,1168],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,1169,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1171,1172,1174,1177],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,1173,173],{"class":78},[65,1175,1176],{"class":82}," teacher",[65,1178,1179],{"class":89}," t1;\n",[65,1181,1182,1185,1187,1190],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,1183,1184],{"class":89}," t1.id ",[65,1186,196],{"class":78},[65,1188,1189],{"class":214}," 10000",[65,1191,203],{"class":89},[65,1193,1194,1197,1199,1202],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,1195,1196],{"class":89}," t1.name ",[65,1198,196],{"class":78},[65,1200,1201],{"class":199}," \"老王\"",[65,1203,203],{"class":89},[65,1205,1206,1209,1211,1214],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,1207,1208],{"class":89}," t1.age ",[65,1210,196],{"class":78},[65,1212,1213],{"class":214}," 40",[65,1215,203],{"class":89},[65,1217,1218],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,1219,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1221,1222,1225,1227,1229],{"class":67,"line":384},[65,1223,1224],{"class":89}," t1.stu.name ",[65,1226,196],{"class":78},[65,1228,200],{"class":199},[65,1230,203],{"class":89},[65,1232,1233,1236,1238,1240],{"class":67,"line":396},[65,1234,1235],{"class":89}," t1.stu.age ",[65,1237,196],{"class":78},[65,1239,215],{"class":214},[65,1241,203],{"class":89},[65,1243,1244,1247,1249,1251],{"class":67,"line":409},[65,1245,1246],{"class":89}," t1.stu.score ",[65,1248,196],{"class":78},[65,1250,228],{"class":214},[65,1252,203],{"class":89},[65,1254,1255],{"class":67,"line":414},[65,1256,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1258,1259,1261,1263,1266,1268,1271,1273,1276,1278,1281,1283,1286,1288,1291,1293],{"class":67,"line":419},[65,1260,242],{"class":89},[65,1262,245],{"class":78},[65,1264,1265],{"class":199}," \"教师 职工编号： \"",[65,1267,251],{"class":78},[65,1269,1270],{"class":89}," t1.id ",[65,1272,245],{"class":78},[65,1274,1275],{"class":199}," \" 姓名： \"",[65,1277,251],{"class":78},[65,1279,1280],{"class":89}," t1.name ",[65,1282,245],{"class":78},[65,1284,1285],{"class":199}," \" 年龄： \"",[65,1287,251],{"class":78},[65,1289,1290],{"class":89}," t1.age ",[65,1292,245],{"class":78},[65,1294,279],{"class":89},[65,1296,1297],{"class":67,"line":455},[65,1298,236],{"class":89},[65,1300,1301,1303,1305,1308,1310,1313,1315,1317,1319,1322,1324,1327,1329,1332,1334],{"class":67,"line":460},[65,1302,242],{"class":89},[65,1304,245],{"class":78},[65,1306,1307],{"class":199}," \"辅导学员 姓名： \"",[65,1309,251],{"class":78},[65,1311,1312],{"class":89}," t1.stu.name ",[65,1314,245],{"class":78},[65,1316,259],{"class":199},[65,1318,251],{"class":78},[65,1320,1321],{"class":89}," t1.stu.age ",[65,1323,245],{"class":78},[65,1325,1326],{"class":199}," \" 考试分数： \"",[65,1328,251],{"class":78},[65,1330,1331],{"class":89}," t1.stu.score ",[65,1333,245],{"class":78},[65,1335,279],{"class":89},[65,1337,1338],{"class":67,"line":465},[65,1339,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1341,1342],{"class":67,"line":476},[65,1343,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1345,1347,1349,1351],{"class":67,"line":1346},36,[65,1348,468],{"class":78},[65,1350,471],{"class":214},[65,1352,203],{"class":89},[65,1354,1356],{"class":67,"line":1355},37,[65,1357,479],{"class":89},[18,1359,1360],{},[27,1361,484],{},[56,1363,1366],{"className":1364,"code":1365,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"教师 职工编号： 10000 姓名： 老王 年龄： 40\n辅导学员 姓名： 张三 年龄：18 考试分数： 100\n",[31,1367,1365],{"__ignoreMap":61},[18,1369,1370],{},"**總結：**在結構體中可以定義另一個結構體作為成員，用來解決實際問題",[14,1372,1373],{"id":1373},"結構體做函數參數",[18,1375,1376],{},"**作用：**將結構體作為參數向函數中傳遞",[18,1378,1379],{},"傳遞方式有兩種：",[38,1381,1382,1385],{},[41,1383,1384],{},"值傳遞",[41,1386,1387],{},"地址傳遞",[18,1389,1390],{},[27,1391,54],{},[56,1393,1395],{"className":58,"code":1394,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F学生结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n};\n\n\u002F\u002F值传递\nvoid printStudent(student stu )\n{\n stu.age = 28;\n cout \u003C\u003C \"子函数中 姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C stu.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\n\n\u002F\u002F地址传递\nvoid printStudent2(student *stu)\n{\n stu->age = 28;\n cout \u003C\u003C \"子函数中 姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu->name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C stu->age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu->score \u003C\u003C endl;\n}\n\nint main() {\n\n student stu = { \"张三\",18,100};\n \u002F\u002F值传递\n printStudent(stu);\n cout \u003C\u003C \"主函数中 姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C stu.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n cout \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n \u002F\u002F地址传递\n printStudent2(&stu);\n cout \u003C\u003C \"主函数中 姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu.name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C stu.age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu.score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,1396,1397,1401,1407,1411,1415,1421,1429,1437,1441,1445,1450,1471,1475,1487,1523,1527,1531,1536,1554,1558,1569,1604,1608,1612,1620,1624,1645,1650,1658,1692,1696,1704,1708,1713,1726,1758,1762,1766,1775],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,1398,1399],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,1400,1047],{"class":71},[65,1402,1403,1405],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,1404,79],{"class":78},[65,1406,83],{"class":82},[65,1408,1409],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,1410,90],{"class":89},[65,1412,1413],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,1414,96],{"class":71},[65,1416,1417,1419],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,1418,102],{"class":89},[65,1420,105],{"class":71},[65,1422,1423,1425,1427],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,1424,111],{"class":78},[65,1426,114],{"class":89},[65,1428,117],{"class":71},[65,1430,1431,1433,1435],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,1432,111],{"class":78},[65,1434,125],{"class":89},[65,1436,128],{"class":71},[65,1438,1439],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,1440,862],{"class":89},[65,1442,1443],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,1444,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1446,1447],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,1448,1449],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F值传递\n",[65,1451,1452,1455,1458,1461,1464,1468],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,1453,1454],{"class":78},"void",[65,1456,1457],{"class":82}," printStudent",[65,1459,1460],{"class":89},"(",[65,1462,1463],{"class":82},"student",[65,1465,1467],{"class":1466},"s4XuR"," stu",[65,1469,1470],{"class":89}," )\n",[65,1472,1473],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,1474,90],{"class":89},[65,1476,1477,1480,1482,1485],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,1478,1479],{"class":89}," stu.age ",[65,1481,196],{"class":78},[65,1483,1484],{"class":214}," 28",[65,1486,203],{"class":89},[65,1488,1489,1491,1493,1496,1498,1501,1503,1505,1507,1510,1512,1514,1516,1519,1521],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,1490,242],{"class":89},[65,1492,245],{"class":78},[65,1494,1495],{"class":199}," \"子函数中 姓名：\"",[65,1497,251],{"class":78},[65,1499,1500],{"class":89}," stu.name ",[65,1502,245],{"class":78},[65,1504,1285],{"class":199},[65,1506,251],{"class":78},[65,1508,1509],{"class":89}," stu.age ",[65,1511,245],{"class":78},[65,1513,269],{"class":199},[65,1515,251],{"class":78},[65,1517,1518],{"class":89}," stu.score ",[65,1520,245],{"class":78},[65,1522,279],{"class":89},[65,1524,1525],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,1526,479],{"class":89},[65,1528,1529],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,1530,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1532,1533],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,1534,1535],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F地址传递\n",[65,1537,1538,1540,1543,1545,1547,1549,1552],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,1539,1454],{"class":78},[65,1541,1542],{"class":82}," printStudent2",[65,1544,1460],{"class":89},[65,1546,1463],{"class":82},[65,1548,918],{"class":78},[65,1550,1551],{"class":1466},"stu",[65,1553,719],{"class":89},[65,1555,1556],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,1557,90],{"class":89},[65,1559,1560,1563,1565,1567],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,1561,1562],{"class":89}," stu->age ",[65,1564,196],{"class":78},[65,1566,1484],{"class":214},[65,1568,203],{"class":89},[65,1570,1571,1573,1575,1577,1579,1582,1584,1586,1588,1591,1593,1595,1597,1600,1602],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,1572,242],{"class":89},[65,1574,245],{"class":78},[65,1576,1495],{"class":199},[65,1578,251],{"class":78},[65,1580,1581],{"class":89}," stu->name ",[65,1583,245],{"class":78},[65,1585,1285],{"class":199},[65,1587,251],{"class":78},[65,1589,1590],{"class":89}," stu->age ",[65,1592,245],{"class":78},[65,1594,269],{"class":199},[65,1596,251],{"class":78},[65,1598,1599],{"class":89}," stu->score ",[65,1601,245],{"class":78},[65,1603,279],{"class":89},[65,1605,1606],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,1607,479],{"class":89},[65,1609,1610],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,1611,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1613,1614,1616,1618],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,1615,150],{"class":78},[65,1617,153],{"class":82},[65,1619,156],{"class":89},[65,1621,1622],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,1623,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1625,1626,1629,1631,1633,1635,1637,1639,1641,1643],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,1627,1628],{"class":89}," student stu ",[65,1630,196],{"class":78},[65,1632,305],{"class":89},[65,1634,626],{"class":199},[65,1636,311],{"class":89},[65,1638,631],{"class":214},[65,1640,311],{"class":89},[65,1642,902],{"class":214},[65,1644,862],{"class":89},[65,1646,1647],{"class":67,"line":384},[65,1648,1649],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F值传递\n",[65,1651,1652,1655],{"class":67,"line":396},[65,1653,1654],{"class":82}," printStudent",[65,1656,1657],{"class":89},"(stu);\n",[65,1659,1660,1662,1664,1667,1669,1671,1673,1675,1677,1680,1682,1684,1686,1688,1690],{"class":67,"line":409},[65,1661,242],{"class":89},[65,1663,245],{"class":78},[65,1665,1666],{"class":199}," \"主函数中 姓名：\"",[65,1668,251],{"class":78},[65,1670,1500],{"class":89},[65,1672,245],{"class":78},[65,1674,1285],{"class":199},[65,1676,251],{"class":78},[65,1678,1679],{"class":89}," stu.age ",[65,1681,245],{"class":78},[65,1683,269],{"class":199},[65,1685,251],{"class":78},[65,1687,1518],{"class":89},[65,1689,245],{"class":78},[65,1691,279],{"class":89},[65,1693,1694],{"class":67,"line":414},[65,1695,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1697,1698,1700,1702],{"class":67,"line":419},[65,1699,242],{"class":89},[65,1701,245],{"class":78},[65,1703,279],{"class":89},[65,1705,1706],{"class":67,"line":455},[65,1707,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1709,1710],{"class":67,"line":460},[65,1711,1712],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F地址传递\n",[65,1714,1715,1718,1720,1723],{"class":67,"line":465},[65,1716,1717],{"class":82}," printStudent2",[65,1719,1460],{"class":89},[65,1721,1722],{"class":78},"&",[65,1724,1725],{"class":89},"stu);\n",[65,1727,1728,1730,1732,1734,1736,1738,1740,1742,1744,1746,1748,1750,1752,1754,1756],{"class":67,"line":476},[65,1729,242],{"class":89},[65,1731,245],{"class":78},[65,1733,1666],{"class":199},[65,1735,251],{"class":78},[65,1737,1500],{"class":89},[65,1739,245],{"class":78},[65,1741,1285],{"class":199},[65,1743,251],{"class":78},[65,1745,1509],{"class":89},[65,1747,245],{"class":78},[65,1749,269],{"class":199},[65,1751,251],{"class":78},[65,1753,1518],{"class":89},[65,1755,245],{"class":78},[65,1757,279],{"class":89},[65,1759,1760],{"class":67,"line":1346},[65,1761,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1763,1764],{"class":67,"line":1355},[65,1765,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1767,1769,1771,1773],{"class":67,"line":1768},38,[65,1770,468],{"class":78},[65,1772,471],{"class":214},[65,1774,203],{"class":89},[65,1776,1778],{"class":67,"line":1777},39,[65,1779,479],{"class":89},[18,1781,1782],{},[27,1783,484],{},[56,1785,1788],{"className":1786,"code":1787,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"子函数中 姓名：张三 年龄： 28 分数：100\n主函数中 姓名：张三 年龄： 18 分数：100\n\n子函数中 姓名：张三 年龄： 28 分数：100\n主函数中 姓名：张三 年龄： 28 分数：100\n",[31,1789,1787],{"__ignoreMap":61},[494,1791,1792],{},[18,1793,1794],{},"總結：如果不想修改主函數中的數據，用值傳遞，反之用地址傳遞",[14,1796,1798],{"id":1797},"結構體中-const使用場景","結構體中 const使用場景",[18,1800,1801],{},"**作用：**用const來防止誤操作",[18,1803,1804],{},[27,1805,54],{},[56,1807,1809],{"className":58,"code":1808,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F学生结构体定义\nstruct student\n{\n \u002F\u002F成员列表\n string name; \u002F\u002F姓名\n int age; \u002F\u002F年龄\n int score; \u002F\u002F分数\n};\n\n\u002F\u002Fconst使用场景\nvoid printStudent(const student *stu) \u002F\u002F加const防止函数体中的误操作\n{\n \u002F\u002Fstu->age = 100; \u002F\u002F操作失败，因为加了const修饰\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名：\" \u003C\u003C stu->name \u003C\u003C \" 年龄：\" \u003C\u003C stu->age \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C stu->score \u003C\u003C endl;\n\n}\n\nint main() {\n\n student stu = { \"张三\",18,100 };\n\n printStudent(&stu);\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,1810,1811,1815,1821,1825,1829,1835,1843,1851,1855,1859,1864,1887,1891,1899,1932,1936,1940,1944,1952,1956,1976,1980,1990,1994,1998,2006],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,1812,1813],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,1814,1047],{"class":71},[65,1816,1817,1819],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,1818,79],{"class":78},[65,1820,83],{"class":82},[65,1822,1823],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,1824,90],{"class":89},[65,1826,1827],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,1828,96],{"class":71},[65,1830,1831,1833],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,1832,102],{"class":89},[65,1834,105],{"class":71},[65,1836,1837,1839,1841],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,1838,111],{"class":78},[65,1840,114],{"class":89},[65,1842,117],{"class":71},[65,1844,1845,1847,1849],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,1846,111],{"class":78},[65,1848,125],{"class":89},[65,1850,128],{"class":71},[65,1852,1853],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,1854,862],{"class":89},[65,1856,1857],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,1858,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1860,1861],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,1862,1863],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002Fconst使用场景\n",[65,1865,1866,1868,1870,1872,1875,1877,1879,1881,1884],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,1867,1454],{"class":78},[65,1869,1457],{"class":82},[65,1871,1460],{"class":89},[65,1873,1874],{"class":78},"const",[65,1876,176],{"class":82},[65,1878,918],{"class":78},[65,1880,1551],{"class":1466},[65,1882,1883],{"class":89},")",[65,1885,1886],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F加const防止函数体中的误操作\n",[65,1888,1889],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,1890,90],{"class":89},[65,1892,1893,1896],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,1894,1895],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002Fstu->age = 100;",[65,1897,1898],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F操作失败，因为加了const修饰\n",[65,1900,1901,1903,1905,1907,1909,1911,1913,1915,1917,1920,1922,1924,1926,1928,1930],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,1902,242],{"class":89},[65,1904,245],{"class":78},[65,1906,248],{"class":199},[65,1908,251],{"class":78},[65,1910,1581],{"class":89},[65,1912,245],{"class":78},[65,1914,259],{"class":199},[65,1916,251],{"class":78},[65,1918,1919],{"class":89}," stu->age ",[65,1921,245],{"class":78},[65,1923,269],{"class":199},[65,1925,251],{"class":78},[65,1927,1599],{"class":89},[65,1929,245],{"class":78},[65,1931,279],{"class":89},[65,1933,1934],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,1935,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1937,1938],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,1939,479],{"class":89},[65,1941,1942],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,1943,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1945,1946,1948,1950],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,1947,150],{"class":78},[65,1949,153],{"class":82},[65,1951,156],{"class":89},[65,1953,1954],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,1955,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1957,1958,1960,1962,1964,1966,1968,1970,1972,1974],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,1959,1628],{"class":89},[65,1961,196],{"class":78},[65,1963,305],{"class":89},[65,1965,626],{"class":199},[65,1967,311],{"class":89},[65,1969,631],{"class":214},[65,1971,311],{"class":89},[65,1973,902],{"class":214},[65,1975,322],{"class":89},[65,1977,1978],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,1979,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1981,1982,1984,1986,1988],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,1983,1654],{"class":82},[65,1985,1460],{"class":89},[65,1987,1722],{"class":78},[65,1989,1725],{"class":89},[65,1991,1992],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,1993,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1995,1996],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,1997,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,1999,2000,2002,2004],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,2001,468],{"class":78},[65,2003,471],{"class":214},[65,2005,203],{"class":89},[65,2007,2008],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,2009,479],{"class":89},[18,2011,2012],{},[27,2013,484],{},[56,2015,2018],{"className":2016,"code":2017,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"姓名：张三 年龄：18 分数：100\n",[31,2019,2017],{"__ignoreMap":61},[14,2021,2022],{"id":2022},"結構體案例",[2024,2025,2026],"h4",{"id":2026},"案例1",[18,2028,2029],{},[27,2030,2031],{},"案例描述：",[18,2033,2034],{},"學校正在做畢設項目，每名老師帶領5個學生，總共有3名老師，需求如下",[18,2036,2037],{},"設計學生和老師的結構體，其中在老師的結構體中，有老師姓名和一個存放5名學生的數組作為成員",[18,2039,2040],{},"學生的成員有姓名、考試分數，創建數組存放3名老師，通過函數給每個老師及所帶的學生賦值",[18,2042,2043],{},"最終打印出老師數據以及老師所帶的學生數據。",[18,2045,2046],{},[27,2047,54],{},[56,2049,2051],{"className":58,"code":2050,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct Student\n{\n string name;\n int score;\n};\nstruct Teacher\n{\n string name;\n Student sArray[5];\n};\n\nvoid allocateSpace(Teacher tArray[] , int len)\n{\n string tName = \"教师\";\n string sName = \"学生\";\n string nameSeed = \"ABCDE\";\n for (int i = 0; i \u003C len; i++)\n {\n tArray[i].name = tName + nameSeed[i];\n \n for (int j = 0; j \u003C 5; j++)\n {\n tArray[i].sArray[j].name = sName + nameSeed[j];\n tArray[i].sArray[j].score = rand() % 61 + 40;\n }\n }\n}\n\nvoid printTeachers(Teacher tArray[], int len)\n{\n for (int i = 0; i \u003C len; i++)\n {\n cout \u003C\u003C tArray[i].name \u003C\u003C endl;\n for (int j = 0; j \u003C 5; j++)\n {\n cout \u003C\u003C \"\\t姓名：\" \u003C\u003C tArray[i].sArray[j].name \u003C\u003C \" 分数：\" \u003C\u003C tArray[i].sArray[j].score \u003C\u003C endl;\n }\n }\n}\n\nint main() {\n\n srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); \u002F\u002F随机数种子 头文件 #include \u003Cctime>\n\n Teacher tArray[3]; \u002F\u002F老师数组\n\n int len = sizeof(tArray) \u002F sizeof(Teacher);\n\n allocateSpace(tArray, len); \u002F\u002F创建数据\n\n printTeachers(tArray, len); \u002F\u002F打印数据\n \n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,2052,2053,2060,2064,2069,2076,2080,2087,2091,2095,2106,2110,2114,2139,2143,2155,2167,2179,2204,2208,2224,2229,2260,2265,2280,2306,2311,2315,2319,2323,2345,2349,2373,2377,2390,2416,2420,2454,2458,2462,2466,2471,2480,2485,2516,2521,2535,2540,2564,2569,2581,2586,2597,2602,2607,2616],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,2054,2055,2057],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,2056,79],{"class":78},[65,2058,2059],{"class":82}," Student\n",[65,2061,2062],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,2063,90],{"class":89},[65,2065,2066],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,2067,2068],{"class":89}," string name;\n",[65,2070,2071,2073],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,2072,111],{"class":78},[65,2074,2075],{"class":89}," score;\n",[65,2077,2078],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,2079,862],{"class":89},[65,2081,2082,2084],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,2083,79],{"class":78},[65,2085,2086],{"class":82}," Teacher\n",[65,2088,2089],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,2090,90],{"class":89},[65,2092,2093],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,2094,2068],{"class":89},[65,2096,2097,2100,2103],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,2098,2099],{"class":89}," Student sArray[",[65,2101,2102],{"class":214},"5",[65,2104,2105],{"class":89},"];\n",[65,2107,2108],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,2109,862],{"class":89},[65,2111,2112],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,2113,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,2115,2116,2118,2121,2123,2126,2129,2132,2134,2137],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,2117,1454],{"class":78},[65,2119,2120],{"class":82}," allocateSpace",[65,2122,1460],{"class":89},[65,2124,2125],{"class":82},"Teacher",[65,2127,2128],{"class":1466}," tArray",[65,2130,2131],{"class":89},"[] , ",[65,2133,150],{"class":78},[65,2135,2136],{"class":1466}," len",[65,2138,719],{"class":89},[65,2140,2141],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,2142,90],{"class":89},[65,2144,2145,2148,2150,2153],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,2146,2147],{"class":89}," string 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\u002F\u002F打印数据\n",[65,2598,2600],{"class":67,"line":2599},52,[65,2601,236],{"class":89},[65,2603,2605],{"class":67,"line":2604},53,[65,2606,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,2608,2610,2612,2614],{"class":67,"line":2609},54,[65,2611,468],{"class":78},[65,2613,471],{"class":214},[65,2615,203],{"class":89},[65,2617,2619],{"class":67,"line":2618},55,[65,2620,479],{"class":89},[18,2622,2623],{},[27,2624,2625],{},"運行結果（隨機數會隨運行環境變化，以下為一次運行示例；類型大小或類型名可能隨編譯器和平臺變化）：",[56,2627,2630],{"className":2628,"code":2629,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"教师A\n 姓名：学生A 分数：81\n 姓名：学生B 分数：43\n 姓名：学生C 分数：88\n 姓名：学生D 分数：95\n 姓名：学生E 分数：81\n教师B\n 姓名：学生A 分数：78\n 姓名：学生B 分数：73\n 姓名：学生C 分数：85\n 姓名：学生D 分数：99\n 姓名：学生E 分数：54\n教师C\n 姓名：学生A 分数：42\n 姓名：学生B 分数：79\n 姓名：学生C 分数：74\n 姓名：学生D 分数：100\n 姓名：学生E 分数：89\n",[31,2631,2629],{"__ignoreMap":61},[2024,2633,2634],{"id":2634},"案例2",[18,2636,2637],{},[27,2638,2031],{},[18,2640,2641],{},"設計一個英雄的結構體，包括成員姓名，年齡，性別;創建結構體數組，數組中存放5名英雄。",[18,2643,2644],{},"通過冒泡排序的算法，將數組中的英雄按照年齡進行升序排序，最終打印排序後的結果。",[18,2646,2647],{},"五名英雄信息如下：",[56,2649,2651],{"className":58,"code":2650,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61}," {\"刘备\",23,\"男\"},\n {\"关羽\",22,\"男\"},\n {\"张飞\",20,\"男\"},\n {\"赵云\",21,\"男\"},\n {\"貂蝉\",19,\"女\"},\n",[31,2652,2653,2673,2691,2708,2726],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,2654,2655,2657,2660,2662,2665,2667,2670],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,2656,623],{"class":89},[65,2658,2659],{"class":199},"\"刘备\"",[65,2661,311],{"class":89},[65,2663,2664],{"class":214},"23",[65,2666,311],{"class":89},[65,2668,2669],{"class":199},"\"男\"",[65,2671,2672],{"class":89},"},\n",[65,2674,2675,2677,2680,2682,2685,2687,2689],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,2676,623],{"class":89},[65,2678,2679],{"class":199},"\"关羽\"",[65,2681,311],{"class":89},[65,2683,2684],{"class":214},"22",[65,2686,311],{"class":89},[65,2688,2669],{"class":199},[65,2690,2672],{"class":89},[65,2692,2693,2695,2698,2700,2702,2704,2706],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,2694,623],{"class":89},[65,2696,2697],{"class":199},"\"张飞\"",[65,2699,311],{"class":89},[65,2701,667],{"class":214},[65,2703,311],{"class":89},[65,2705,2669],{"class":199},[65,2707,2672],{"class":89},[65,2709,2710,2712,2715,2717,2720,2722,2724],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,2711,623],{"class":89},[65,2713,2714],{"class":199},"\"赵云\"",[65,2716,311],{"class":89},[65,2718,2719],{"class":214},"21",[65,2721,311],{"class":89},[65,2723,2669],{"class":199},[65,2725,2672],{"class":89},[65,2727,2728,2730,2733,2735,2737,2739,2742],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,2729,623],{"class":89},[65,2731,2732],{"class":199},"\"貂蝉\"",[65,2734,311],{"class":89},[65,2736,314],{"class":214},[65,2738,311],{"class":89},[65,2740,2741],{"class":199},"\"女\"",[65,2743,2672],{"class":89},[18,2745,2746,2748,2749,2752],{},[27,2747,484],{}," 此代碼塊不含 ",[31,2750,2751],{},"main"," 函數，是語法、接口或分文件示例，不能獨立運行，因此沒有終端輸出。",[18,2754,2755],{},[27,2756,54],{},[56,2758,2760],{"className":58,"code":2759,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F英雄结构体\nstruct hero\n{\n string name;\n int age;\n string sex;\n};\n\u002F\u002F冒泡排序\nvoid bubbleSort(hero arr[] , int len)\n{\n for (int i = 0; i \u003C len - 1; i++)\n {\n for (int j = 0; j \u003C len - 1 - i; j++)\n {\n if (arr[j].age > arr[j + 1].age)\n {\n hero temp = arr[j];\n arr[j] = arr[j + 1];\n arr[j + 1] = temp;\n }\n }\n }\n}\n\u002F\u002F打印数组\nvoid printHeros(hero arr[], int len)\n{\n for (int i = 0; i \u003C len; i++)\n {\n cout \u003C\u003C \"姓名： \" \u003C\u003C arr[i].name \u003C\u003C \" 性别： \" \u003C\u003C arr[i].sex \u003C\u003C \" 年龄： \" \u003C\u003C arr[i].age \u003C\u003C endl;\n }\n}\n\nint main() {\n\n struct hero arr[5] =\n {\n {\"刘备\",23,\"男\"},\n {\"关羽\",22,\"男\"},\n {\"张飞\",20,\"男\"},\n {\"赵云\",21,\"男\"},\n {\"貂蝉\",19,\"女\"},\n };\n\n int len = sizeof(arr) \u002F sizeof(hero); \u002F\u002F获取数组元素个数\n\n bubbleSort(arr, len); \u002F\u002F排序\n\n printHeros(arr, len); \u002F\u002F打印\n\n\n return 0;\n}\n",[31,2761,2762,2767,2774,2778,2782,2789,2794,2798,2803,2826,2830,2862,2866,2900,2904,2925,2930,2940,2955,2972,2977,2981,2985,2989,2994,3015,3019,3043,3047,3082,3086,3090,3094,3102,3106,3121,3125,3141,3157,3173,3189,3205,3209,3213,3236,3240,3251,3255,3265,3269,3273,3281],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,2763,2764],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,2765,2766],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F英雄结构体\n",[65,2768,2769,2771],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,2770,79],{"class":78},[65,2772,2773],{"class":82}," hero\n",[65,2775,2776],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,2777,90],{"class":89},[65,2779,2780],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,2781,2068],{"class":89},[65,2783,2784,2786],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,2785,111],{"class":78},[65,2787,2788],{"class":89}," age;\n",[65,2790,2791],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,2792,2793],{"class":89}," string sex;\n",[65,2795,2796],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,2797,862],{"class":89},[65,2799,2800],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,2801,2802],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F冒泡排序\n",[65,2804,2805,2807,2810,2812,2815,2818,2820,2822,2824],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,2806,1454],{"class":78},[65,2808,2809],{"class":82}," bubbleSort",[65,2811,1460],{"class":89},[65,2813,2814],{"class":82},"hero",[65,2816,2817],{"class":1466}," arr",[65,2819,2131],{"class":89},[65,2821,150],{"class":78},[65,2823,2136],{"class":1466},[65,2825,719],{"class":89},[65,2827,2828],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,2829,90],{"class":89},[65,2831,2832,2834,2836,2838,2840,2842,2844,2846,2848,2850,2853,2856,2858,2860],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,2833,689],{"class":78},[65,2835,692],{"class":89},[65,2837,150],{"class":78},[65,2839,697],{"class":89},[65,2841,196],{"class":78},[65,2843,471],{"class":214},[65,2845,704],{"class":89},[65,2847,707],{"class":78},[65,2849,2547],{"class":89},[65,2851,2852],{"class":78},"-",[65,2854,2855],{"class":214}," 1",[65,2857,713],{"class":89},[65,2859,716],{"class":78},[65,2861,719],{"class":89},[65,2863,2864],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,2865,618],{"class":89},[65,2867,2868,2870,2872,2874,2876,2878,2880,2882,2884,2886,2888,2890,2893,2896,2898],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,2869,2233],{"class":78},[65,2871,692],{"class":89},[65,2873,150],{"class":78},[65,2875,2240],{"class":89},[65,2877,196],{"class":78},[65,2879,471],{"class":214},[65,2881,2247],{"class":89},[65,2883,707],{"class":78},[65,2885,2547],{"class":89},[65,2887,2852],{"class":78},[65,2889,2855],{"class":214},[65,2891,2892],{"class":78}," -",[65,2894,2895],{"class":89}," i; j",[65,2897,716],{"class":78},[65,2899,719],{"class":89},[65,2901,2902],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,2903,2264],{"class":89},[65,2905,2906,2909,2912,2915,2918,2920,2922],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,2907,2908],{"class":78}," if",[65,2910,2911],{"class":89}," (arr[j].age ",[65,2913,2914],{"class":78},">",[65,2916,2917],{"class":89}," arr[j ",[65,2919,2220],{"class":78},[65,2921,2855],{"class":214},[65,2923,2924],{"class":89},"].age)\n",[65,2926,2927],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,2928,2929],{"class":89}," {\n",[65,2931,2932,2935,2937],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,2933,2934],{"class":89}," hero temp ",[65,2936,196],{"class":78},[65,2938,2939],{"class":89}," arr[j];\n",[65,2941,2942,2945,2947,2949,2951,2953],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,2943,2944],{"class":89}," arr[j] ",[65,2946,196],{"class":78},[65,2948,2917],{"class":89},[65,2950,2220],{"class":78},[65,2952,2855],{"class":214},[65,2954,2105],{"class":89},[65,2956,2957,2960,2962,2964,2967,2969],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,2958,2959],{"class":89}," arr[j ",[65,2961,2220],{"class":78},[65,2963,2855],{"class":214},[65,2965,2966],{"class":89},"] ",[65,2968,196],{"class":78},[65,2970,2971],{"class":89}," temp;\n",[65,2973,2974],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,2975,2976],{"class":89}," }\n",[65,2978,2979],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,2980,2310],{"class":89},[65,2982,2983],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,2984,764],{"class":89},[65,2986,2987],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,2988,479],{"class":89},[65,2990,2991],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,2992,2993],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F打印数组\n",[65,2995,2996,2998,3001,3003,3005,3007,3009,3011,3013],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,2997,1454],{"class":78},[65,2999,3000],{"class":82}," printHeros",[65,3002,1460],{"class":89},[65,3004,2814],{"class":82},[65,3006,2817],{"class":1466},[65,3008,2338],{"class":89},[65,3010,150],{"class":78},[65,3012,2136],{"class":1466},[65,3014,719],{"class":89},[65,3016,3017],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,3018,90],{"class":89},[65,3020,3021,3023,3025,3027,3029,3031,3033,3035,3037,3039,3041],{"class":67,"line":384},[65,3022,689],{"class":78},[65,3024,692],{"class":89},[65,3026,150],{"class":78},[65,3028,697],{"class":89},[65,3030,196],{"class":78},[65,3032,471],{"class":214},[65,3034,704],{"class":89},[65,3036,707],{"class":78},[65,3038,2199],{"class":89},[65,3040,716],{"class":78},[65,3042,719],{"class":89},[65,3044,3045],{"class":67,"line":396},[65,3046,618],{"class":89},[65,3048,3049,3051,3053,3056,3058,3060,3062,3065,3067,3070,3072,3074,3076,3078,3080],{"class":67,"line":409},[65,3050,728],{"class":89},[65,3052,245],{"class":78},[65,3054,3055],{"class":199}," \"姓名： \"",[65,3057,251],{"class":78},[65,3059,737],{"class":89},[65,3061,245],{"class":78},[65,3063,3064],{"class":199}," \" 性别： \"",[65,3066,251],{"class":78},[65,3068,3069],{"class":89}," arr[i].sex ",[65,3071,245],{"class":78},[65,3073,1285],{"class":199},[65,3075,251],{"class":78},[65,3077,746],{"class":89},[65,3079,245],{"class":78},[65,3081,279],{"class":89},[65,3083,3084],{"class":67,"line":414},[65,3085,764],{"class":89},[65,3087,3088],{"class":67,"line":419},[65,3089,479],{"class":89},[65,3091,3092],{"class":67,"line":455},[65,3093,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3095,3096,3098,3100],{"class":67,"line":460},[65,3097,150],{"class":78},[65,3099,153],{"class":82},[65,3101,156],{"class":89},[65,3103,3104],{"class":67,"line":465},[65,3105,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3107,3108,3110,3113,3115,3117,3119],{"class":67,"line":476},[65,3109,173],{"class":78},[65,3111,3112],{"class":82}," hero",[65,3114,604],{"class":89},[65,3116,2102],{"class":214},[65,3118,2966],{"class":89},[65,3120,613],{"class":78},[65,3122,3123],{"class":67,"line":1346},[65,3124,618],{"class":89},[65,3126,3127,3129,3131,3133,3135,3137,3139],{"class":67,"line":1355},[65,3128,623],{"class":89},[65,3130,2659],{"class":199},[65,3132,311],{"class":89},[65,3134,2664],{"class":214},[65,3136,311],{"class":89},[65,3138,2669],{"class":199},[65,3140,2672],{"class":89},[65,3142,3143,3145,3147,3149,3151,3153,3155],{"class":67,"line":1768},[65,3144,623],{"class":89},[65,3146,2679],{"class":199},[65,3148,311],{"class":89},[65,3150,2684],{"class":214},[65,3152,311],{"class":89},[65,3154,2669],{"class":199},[65,3156,2672],{"class":89},[65,3158,3159,3161,3163,3165,3167,3169,3171],{"class":67,"line":1777},[65,3160,623],{"class":89},[65,3162,2697],{"class":199},[65,3164,311],{"class":89},[65,3166,667],{"class":214},[65,3168,311],{"class":89},[65,3170,2669],{"class":199},[65,3172,2672],{"class":89},[65,3174,3175,3177,3179,3181,3183,3185,3187],{"class":67,"line":2468},[65,3176,623],{"class":89},[65,3178,2714],{"class":199},[65,3180,311],{"class":89},[65,3182,2719],{"class":214},[65,3184,311],{"class":89},[65,3186,2669],{"class":199},[65,3188,2672],{"class":89},[65,3190,3191,3193,3195,3197,3199,3201,3203],{"class":67,"line":2473},[65,3192,623],{"class":89},[65,3194,2732],{"class":199},[65,3196,311],{"class":89},[65,3198,314],{"class":214},[65,3200,311],{"class":89},[65,3202,2741],{"class":199},[65,3204,2672],{"class":89},[65,3206,3207],{"class":67,"line":2482},[65,3208,680],{"class":89},[65,3210,3211],{"class":67,"line":2487},[65,3212,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3214,3215,3217,3219,3221,3223,3226,3228,3230,3233],{"class":67,"line":2518},[65,3216,111],{"class":78},[65,3218,2547],{"class":89},[65,3220,196],{"class":78},[65,3222,2552],{"class":78},[65,3224,3225],{"class":89},"(arr) ",[65,3227,2558],{"class":78},[65,3229,2552],{"class":78},[65,3231,3232],{"class":89},"(hero);",[65,3234,3235],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F获取数组元素个数\n",[65,3237,3238],{"class":67,"line":2523},[65,3239,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3241,3242,3245,3248],{"class":67,"line":2537},[65,3243,3244],{"class":82}," bubbleSort",[65,3246,3247],{"class":89},"(arr, len);",[65,3249,3250],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F排序\n",[65,3252,3253],{"class":67,"line":2542},[65,3254,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3256,3257,3260,3262],{"class":67,"line":2566},[65,3258,3259],{"class":82}," printHeros",[65,3261,3247],{"class":89},[65,3263,3264],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F打印\n",[65,3266,3267],{"class":67,"line":2571},[65,3268,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3270,3271],{"class":67,"line":2583},[65,3272,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3274,3275,3277,3279],{"class":67,"line":2588},[65,3276,468],{"class":78},[65,3278,471],{"class":214},[65,3280,203],{"class":89},[65,3282,3283],{"class":67,"line":2599},[65,3284,479],{"class":89},[18,3286,3287],{},[27,3288,3289],{},"運行結果（類型大小或類型名可能隨編譯器和平臺變化）：",[56,3291,3294],{"className":3292,"code":3293,"language":490,"meta":61},[488],"姓名： 貂蝉 性别： 女 年龄： 19\n姓名： 张飞 性别： 男 年龄： 20\n姓名： 赵云 性别： 男 年龄： 21\n姓名： 关羽 性别： 男 年龄： 22\n姓名： 刘备 性别： 男 年龄： 23\n",[31,3295,3293],{"__ignoreMap":61},[3297,3298],"h1",{"id":61},[10,3300,3302],{"id":3301},"結構體在-c-和-c-中的寫法差異","結構體在 C 和 C++ 中的寫法差異",[14,3304,3305],{"id":3305},"定義結構體",[18,3307,3308,3309,3311],{},"結構體定義由關鍵字 ",[27,3310,79],{}," 和結構體名組成，結構體名可以根據需要自行定義。",[18,3313,3314],{},"struct 語句定義了一個包含多個成員的新的數據類型，struct 語句的格式如下：",[56,3316,3318],{"className":58,"code":3317,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct type_name {\nmember_type1 member_name1;\nmember_type2 member_name2;\nmember_type3 member_name3;\n.\n.\n} object_names;\n",[31,3319,3320,3330,3335,3340,3345,3350,3354],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3321,3322,3324,3327],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3323,79],{"class":78},[65,3325,3326],{"class":82}," type_name",[65,3328,3329],{"class":89}," {\n",[65,3331,3332],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3333,3334],{"class":89},"member_type1 member_name1;\n",[65,3336,3337],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3338,3339],{"class":89},"member_type2 member_name2;\n",[65,3341,3342],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3343,3344],{"class":89},"member_type3 member_name3;\n",[65,3346,3347],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3348,3349],{"class":89},".\n",[65,3351,3352],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3353,3349],{"class":89},[65,3355,3356],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3357,3358],{"class":89},"} object_names;\n",[18,3360,3361,2748,3363,2752],{},[27,3362,484],{},[31,3364,2751],{},[14,3366,3367],{"id":3367},"訪問結構體成員",[18,3369,3370,3371,3374,3375,3378,3379,3382],{},"下面是聲明一個結構體類型 ",[27,3372,3373],{},"Books"," ，變量為 ",[27,3376,3377],{},"book，"," 為了訪問結構的成員，我們使用 ",[27,3380,3381],{},"成員訪問運算符（.）"," 。成員訪問運算符是結構變量名稱和我們要訪問的結構成員之間的一個句號。",[56,3384,3386],{"className":58,"code":3385,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct Books\n{\n char title[50];\n char author[50];\n char subject[100];\n int book_id;\n} book;\n\nbook.book_id = 1;\nstrcpy(book.title,\"春天\");\n",[31,3387,3388,3395,3399,3412,3423,3434,3442,3447,3451,3462],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3389,3390,3392],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3391,79],{"class":78},[65,3393,3394],{"class":82}," Books\n",[65,3396,3397],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3398,90],{"class":89},[65,3400,3401,3404,3407,3410],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3402,3403],{"class":78}," char",[65,3405,3406],{"class":89}," title[",[65,3408,3409],{"class":214},"50",[65,3411,2105],{"class":89},[65,3413,3414,3416,3419,3421],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3415,3403],{"class":78},[65,3417,3418],{"class":89}," author[",[65,3420,3409],{"class":214},[65,3422,2105],{"class":89},[65,3424,3425,3427,3430,3432],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3426,3403],{"class":78},[65,3428,3429],{"class":89}," subject[",[65,3431,902],{"class":214},[65,3433,2105],{"class":89},[65,3435,3436,3439],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3437,3438],{"class":78}," int",[65,3440,3441],{"class":89}," book_id;\n",[65,3443,3444],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3445,3446],{"class":89},"} book;\n",[65,3448,3449],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,3450,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3452,3453,3456,3458,3460],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,3454,3455],{"class":89},"book.book_id ",[65,3457,196],{"class":78},[65,3459,2855],{"class":214},[65,3461,203],{"class":89},[65,3463,3464,3467,3470,3473],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,3465,3466],{"class":82},"strcpy",[65,3468,3469],{"class":89},"(book.title,",[65,3471,3472],{"class":199},"\"春天\"",[65,3474,3475],{"class":89},");\n",[18,3477,3478,2748,3480,2752],{},[27,3479,484],{},[31,3481,2751],{},[56,3483,3485],{"className":58,"code":3484,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"typedef struct Books \u002F\u002FBooks可忽略不写\n{\n char title[50];\n char author[50];\n char subject[100];\n int book_id;\n}Books_Rename;\n\nstruct Books book; \u002F\u002F第一种写法,不使用typedf必须加 struct 定义结构体\nBooks_Rename book; \u002F\u002F用typedef后的写法，9,11行不能共存，因为变量名相同。\n\nbook.book_id = 1;0\nstrcpy(book.title,\"春天\");\n",[31,3486,3487,3501,3505,3515,3525,3535,3541,3551,3555,3567,3575,3579,3592],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3488,3489,3492,3495,3498],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3490,3491],{"class":78},"typedef",[65,3493,3494],{"class":78}," struct",[65,3496,3497],{"class":82}," Books",[65,3499,3500],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002FBooks可忽略不写\n",[65,3502,3503],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3504,90],{"class":89},[65,3506,3507,3509,3511,3513],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3508,3403],{"class":78},[65,3510,3406],{"class":89},[65,3512,3409],{"class":214},[65,3514,2105],{"class":89},[65,3516,3517,3519,3521,3523],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3518,3403],{"class":78},[65,3520,3418],{"class":89},[65,3522,3409],{"class":214},[65,3524,2105],{"class":89},[65,3526,3527,3529,3531,3533],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3528,3403],{"class":78},[65,3530,3429],{"class":89},[65,3532,902],{"class":214},[65,3534,2105],{"class":89},[65,3536,3537,3539],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3538,3438],{"class":78},[65,3540,3441],{"class":89},[65,3542,3543,3546,3549],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3544,3545],{"class":89},"}",[65,3547,3548],{"class":82},"Books_Rename",[65,3550,203],{"class":89},[65,3552,3553],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,3554,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3556,3557,3559,3561,3564],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,3558,79],{"class":78},[65,3560,3497],{"class":82},[65,3562,3563],{"class":89}," book;",[65,3565,3566],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F第一种写法,不使用typedf必须加 struct 定义结构体\n",[65,3568,3569,3572],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,3570,3571],{"class":89},"Books_Rename book;",[65,3573,3574],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F用typedef后的写法，9,11行不能共存，因为变量名相同。\n",[65,3576,3577],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,3578,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3580,3581,3583,3585,3587,3589],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,3582,3455],{"class":89},[65,3584,196],{"class":78},[65,3586,2855],{"class":214},[65,3588,792],{"class":89},[65,3590,3591],{"class":214},"0\n",[65,3593,3594,3596,3598,3600],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,3595,3466],{"class":82},[65,3597,3469],{"class":89},[65,3599,3472],{"class":199},[65,3601,3475],{"class":89},[18,3603,3604,2748,3606,2752],{},[27,3605,484],{},[31,3607,2751],{},[14,3609,3610],{"id":3610},"指向結構的指針",[18,3612,3613],{},"您可以定義指向結構的指針，方式與定義指向其他類型變量的指針相似，如下所示：",[56,3615,3617],{"className":58,"code":3616,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct Books *struct_pointer;\n",[31,3618,3619],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3620,3621,3623,3625,3627],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3622,79],{"class":78},[65,3624,3497],{"class":82},[65,3626,918],{"class":78},[65,3628,3629],{"class":89},"struct_pointer;\n",[18,3631,3632,2748,3634,2752],{},[27,3633,484],{},[31,3635,2751],{},[18,3637,3638],{},"現在，您可以在上述定義的指針變量中存儲結構變量的地址。為了查找結構變量的地址，請把 & 運算符放在結構名稱的前面，如下所示：",[56,3640,3642],{"className":58,"code":3641,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct_pointer = &Book1;\n",[31,3643,3644],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3645,3646,3649,3651,3653],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3647,3648],{"class":89},"struct_pointer ",[65,3650,196],{"class":78},[65,3652,926],{"class":78},[65,3654,3655],{"class":89},"Book1;\n",[18,3657,3658,2748,3660,2752],{},[27,3659,484],{},[31,3661,2751],{},[18,3663,3664],{},"為了使用指向該結構的指針訪問結構的成員，您必須使用 -> 運算符，如下所示：",[56,3666,3668],{"className":58,"code":3667,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct_pointer->title;\n(*struct_pointer).title;\n",[31,3669,3670,3675],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3671,3672],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3673,3674],{"class":89},"struct_pointer->title;\n",[65,3676,3677,3679,3682],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3678,1460],{"class":89},[65,3680,3681],{"class":78},"*",[65,3683,3684],{"class":89},"struct_pointer).title;\n",[18,3686,3687,2748,3689,2752],{},[27,3688,484],{},[31,3690,2751],{},[14,3692,3693],{"id":3693},"結構體與函數",[3695,3696,3697],"ol",{},[41,3698,3699],{},"作為函數參數",[56,3701,3703],{"className":58,"code":3702,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct Books\n{\n ···\n int book_id;\n} book;\n\nvoid fun1(Books book){\n}\n\u002F\u002F通常使用指针传递\nvoid fun2(Books *book){\n}\n",[31,3704,3705,3711,3715,3720,3726,3730,3734,3751,3755,3760,3778],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3706,3707,3709],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3708,79],{"class":78},[65,3710,3394],{"class":82},[65,3712,3713],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3714,90],{"class":89},[65,3716,3717],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3718,3719],{"class":89}," ···\n",[65,3721,3722,3724],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3723,111],{"class":78},[65,3725,3441],{"class":89},[65,3727,3728],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3729,3446],{"class":89},[65,3731,3732],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3733,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,3735,3736,3738,3741,3743,3745,3748],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3737,1454],{"class":78},[65,3739,3740],{"class":82}," fun1",[65,3742,1460],{"class":89},[65,3744,3373],{"class":82},[65,3746,3747],{"class":1466}," book",[65,3749,3750],{"class":89},"){\n",[65,3752,3753],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,3754,479],{"class":89},[65,3756,3757],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,3758,3759],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F通常使用指针传递\n",[65,3761,3762,3764,3767,3769,3771,3773,3776],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,3763,1454],{"class":78},[65,3765,3766],{"class":82}," fun2",[65,3768,1460],{"class":89},[65,3770,3373],{"class":82},[65,3772,918],{"class":78},[65,3774,3775],{"class":1466},"book",[65,3777,3750],{"class":89},[65,3779,3780],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,3781,479],{"class":89},[18,3783,3784,2748,3786,2752],{},[27,3785,484],{},[31,3787,2751],{},[3695,3789,3790],{"start":75},[41,3791,3792],{},"作為函數返回類型",[14,3794,3796],{"id":3795},"c中的結構體","C++中的結構體",[3695,3798,3799],{},[41,3800,3801],{},"定義 與上述定義一致，不同的是，在 C++ 中即使不使用 typedef struct 來定義結構體，定義結構體變量時也無需在變量前加 struct",[56,3803,3805],{"className":58,"code":3804,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F定义结构体\nstruct Books\n{\n char title[50];\n char author[50];\n char subject[100];\n int book_id;\n};\n\u002F\u002F定义结构体变量\nbook book1;\n",[31,3806,3807,3812,3818,3822,3832,3842,3852,3858,3862,3867],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3808,3809],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3810,3811],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F定义结构体\n",[65,3813,3814,3816],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3815,79],{"class":78},[65,3817,3394],{"class":82},[65,3819,3820],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3821,90],{"class":89},[65,3823,3824,3826,3828,3830],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3825,3403],{"class":78},[65,3827,3406],{"class":89},[65,3829,3409],{"class":214},[65,3831,2105],{"class":89},[65,3833,3834,3836,3838,3840],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3835,3403],{"class":78},[65,3837,3418],{"class":89},[65,3839,3409],{"class":214},[65,3841,2105],{"class":89},[65,3843,3844,3846,3848,3850],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3845,3403],{"class":78},[65,3847,3429],{"class":89},[65,3849,902],{"class":214},[65,3851,2105],{"class":89},[65,3853,3854,3856],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3855,3438],{"class":78},[65,3857,3441],{"class":89},[65,3859,3860],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,3861,862],{"class":89},[65,3863,3864],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,3865,3866],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F定义结构体变量\n",[65,3868,3869],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,3870,3871],{"class":89},"book book1;\n",[18,3873,3874,2748,3876,2752],{},[27,3875,484],{},[31,3877,2751],{},[3695,3879,3880],{"start":75},[41,3881,3882,3883,3885,3886],{},"面向對象 ",[31,3884,79],{}," 默認的成員和繼承是 ",[31,3887,3888],{},"public",[56,3890,3892],{"className":58,"code":3891,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"struct Books\n{\n public:\u002F\u002F默认\n string title;\n string author;\n string subject;\n int book_id;\n \u002F\u002F构造函数\n Books(string t,string author,string subject,int id){\n title = t;\n author = author;\n subject = subject;\n book_id = id;\n }\n \u002F\u002F析构函数\n ~Books(){\n ...\n }\n \u002F\u002F成员函数\n void fun1(){\n ...\n }\n private:\n protected:\n};\n\u002F\u002F初始化结构体\nBooks book1(\"title\",\"author\",\"subject\",1);\n",[31,3893,3894,3900,3904,3912,3917,3922,3927,3934,3939,3975,3985,3995,4005,4015,4020,4025,4033,4038,4042,4047,4056,4061,4066,4071,4076,4080,4085],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,3895,3896,3898],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,3897,79],{"class":78},[65,3899,3394],{"class":82},[65,3901,3902],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,3903,90],{"class":89},[65,3905,3906,3909],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,3907,3908],{"class":78}," public:",[65,3910,3911],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F默认\n",[65,3913,3914],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,3915,3916],{"class":89}," string title;\n",[65,3918,3919],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,3920,3921],{"class":89}," string author;\n",[65,3923,3924],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,3925,3926],{"class":89}," string subject;\n",[65,3928,3929,3931],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,3930,111],{"class":78},[65,3932,3933],{"class":89}," book_id;\n",[65,3935,3936],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,3937,3938],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F构造函数\n",[65,3940,3941,3944,3946,3949,3952,3954,3956,3959,3961,3963,3966,3968,3970,3973],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,3942,3943],{"class":82}," Books",[65,3945,1460],{"class":89},[65,3947,3948],{"class":82},"string",[65,3950,3951],{"class":1466}," t",[65,3953,311],{"class":89},[65,3955,3948],{"class":82},[65,3957,3958],{"class":1466}," author",[65,3960,311],{"class":89},[65,3962,3948],{"class":82},[65,3964,3965],{"class":1466}," subject",[65,3967,311],{"class":89},[65,3969,150],{"class":78},[65,3971,3972],{"class":1466}," id",[65,3974,3750],{"class":89},[65,3976,3977,3980,3982],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,3978,3979],{"class":89}," title ",[65,3981,196],{"class":78},[65,3983,3984],{"class":89}," t;\n",[65,3986,3987,3990,3992],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,3988,3989],{"class":89}," author ",[65,3991,196],{"class":78},[65,3993,3994],{"class":89}," author;\n",[65,3996,3997,4000,4002],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,3998,3999],{"class":89}," subject ",[65,4001,196],{"class":78},[65,4003,4004],{"class":89}," subject;\n",[65,4006,4007,4010,4012],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,4008,4009],{"class":89}," book_id ",[65,4011,196],{"class":78},[65,4013,4014],{"class":89}," id;\n",[65,4016,4017],{"class":67,"line":185},[65,4018,4019],{"class":89}," }\n",[65,4021,4022],{"class":67,"line":190},[65,4023,4024],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F析构函数\n",[65,4026,4027,4030],{"class":67,"line":206},[65,4028,4029],{"class":82}," ~Books",[65,4031,4032],{"class":89},"(){\n",[65,4034,4035],{"class":67,"line":220},[65,4036,4037],{"class":89}," ...\n",[65,4039,4040],{"class":67,"line":233},[65,4041,4019],{"class":89},[65,4043,4044],{"class":67,"line":239},[65,4045,4046],{"class":71}," \u002F\u002F成员函数\n",[65,4048,4049,4052,4054],{"class":67,"line":282},[65,4050,4051],{"class":78}," void",[65,4053,3740],{"class":82},[65,4055,4032],{"class":89},[65,4057,4058],{"class":67,"line":287},[65,4059,4060],{"class":89}," ...\n",[65,4062,4063],{"class":67,"line":293},[65,4064,4065],{"class":89}," }\n",[65,4067,4068],{"class":67,"line":325},[65,4069,4070],{"class":78}," private:\n",[65,4072,4073],{"class":67,"line":330},[65,4074,4075],{"class":78}," protected:\n",[65,4077,4078],{"class":67,"line":366},[65,4079,862],{"class":89},[65,4081,4082],{"class":67,"line":371},[65,4083,4084],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F初始化结构体\n",[65,4086,4087,4089,4092,4094,4097,4099,4102,4104,4107,4109,4112],{"class":67,"line":384},[65,4088,3373],{"class":82},[65,4090,4091],{"class":82}," book1",[65,4093,1460],{"class":89},[65,4095,4096],{"class":199},"\"title\"",[65,4098,311],{"class":89},[65,4100,4101],{"class":199},"\"author\"",[65,4103,311],{"class":89},[65,4105,4106],{"class":199},"\"subject\"",[65,4108,311],{"class":89},[65,4110,4111],{"class":214},"1",[65,4113,3475],{"class":89},[18,4115,4116,2748,4118,2752],{},[27,4117,484],{},[31,4119,2751],{},[10,4121,4123],{"id":4122},"共用體-union","共用體 union",[18,4125,4126,4129],{},[27,4127,4128],{},"共用體"," 是一種特殊的數據類型，允許您在相同的內存位置存儲不同的數據類型。您可以定義一個帶有多成員的共用體，但是任何時候只能有一個成員帶有值。共用體提供了一種使用相同的內存位置的有效方式。",[14,4131,4132],{"id":4132},"定義共用體",[18,4134,4135,4136,4139],{},"為了定義共用體，您必須使用 ",[27,4137,4138],{},"union"," 語句，方式與定義結構類似。union 語句定義了一個新的數據類型，帶有多個成員。union 語句的格式如下：",[56,4141,4143],{"className":58,"code":4142,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"union [union tag]\n{\n member definition;\n member definition;\n ...\n member definition;\n} [one or more union variables];\n",[31,4144,4145,4152,4156,4161,4165,4169,4173],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,4146,4147,4149],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,4148,4138],{"class":78},[65,4150,4151],{"class":89}," [union tag]\n",[65,4153,4154],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,4155,90],{"class":89},[65,4157,4158],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,4159,4160],{"class":89}," member definition;\n",[65,4162,4163],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,4164,4160],{"class":89},[65,4166,4167],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,4168,4060],{"class":89},[65,4170,4171],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,4172,4160],{"class":89},[65,4174,4175,4178,4181],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,4176,4177],{"class":89},"} [one ",[65,4179,4180],{"class":78},"or",[65,4182,4183],{"class":89}," more union variables];\n",[18,4185,4186,2748,4188,2752],{},[27,4187,484],{},[31,4189,2751],{},[56,4191,4193],{"className":58,"code":4192,"language":60,"meta":61,"style":61},"\u002F\u002F举例：\nunion Type_Name\n{\n int i;\n float f;\n char str1[20];\n string str2;\n} object_name;\n\n\u002F\u002F调用方式\nobject_name.i = 5;\nobject_name.f = 6.0f;\nobject_name.str2 = \"你好！\";\n",[31,4194,4195,4200,4207,4211,4218,4226,4237,4242,4247,4251,4256,4267,4282],{"__ignoreMap":61},[65,4196,4197],{"class":67,"line":68},[65,4198,4199],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F举例：\n",[65,4201,4202,4204],{"class":67,"line":75},[65,4203,4138],{"class":78},[65,4205,4206],{"class":82}," Type_Name\n",[65,4208,4209],{"class":67,"line":86},[65,4210,90],{"class":89},[65,4212,4213,4215],{"class":67,"line":93},[65,4214,3438],{"class":78},[65,4216,4217],{"class":89}," i;\n",[65,4219,4220,4223],{"class":67,"line":99},[65,4221,4222],{"class":78}," float",[65,4224,4225],{"class":89}," f;\n",[65,4227,4228,4230,4233,4235],{"class":67,"line":108},[65,4229,3403],{"class":78},[65,4231,4232],{"class":89}," str1[",[65,4234,667],{"class":214},[65,4236,2105],{"class":89},[65,4238,4239],{"class":67,"line":120},[65,4240,4241],{"class":89}," string str2;\n",[65,4243,4244],{"class":67,"line":131},[65,4245,4246],{"class":89},"} object_name;\n",[65,4248,4249],{"class":67,"line":140},[65,4250,144],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":143},[65,4252,4253],{"class":67,"line":147},[65,4254,4255],{"class":71},"\u002F\u002F调用方式\n",[65,4257,4258,4261,4263,4265],{"class":67,"line":159},[65,4259,4260],{"class":89},"object_name.i ",[65,4262,196],{"class":78},[65,4264,2252],{"class":214},[65,4266,203],{"class":89},[65,4268,4269,4272,4274,4277,4280],{"class":67,"line":164},[65,4270,4271],{"class":89},"object_name.f ",[65,4273,196],{"class":78},[65,4275,4276],{"class":214}," 6.0",[65,4278,4279],{"class":78},"f",[65,4281,203],{"class":89},[65,4283,4284,4287,4289,4292],{"class":67,"line":170},[65,4285,4286],{"class":89},"object_name.str2 ",[65,4288,196],{"class":78},[65,4290,4291],{"class":199}," \"你好！\"",[65,4293,203],{"class":89},[18,4295,4296,2748,4298,2752],{},[27,4297,484],{},[31,4299,2751],{},[18,4301,4302],{},"注意：共用體所佔內存大小，按成員變量需佔內存最大的來。",[4304,4305,4306],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki 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