operator

1.Operator

**Purpose:** Operations used to execute code

In this chapter, we will mainly explain the following categories of operators:

1.1.Arithmetic operators

Function：Used to handle the four arithmetic operations

Arithmetic operators include the following symbols:

Example 1:

//加减乘除
int main() {

	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 3;

	cout << a1 + b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 - b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 * b1 << endl;
	cout << a1 / b1 << endl;  //两个整数相除结果依然是整数

	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = 20;
	cout << a2 / b2 << endl; 

	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = 0;
	//cout << a3 / b3 << endl; //报错，除数不可以为0

	//两个小数可以相除
	double d1 = 0.5;
	double d2 = 0.25;
	cout << d1 / d2 << endl;


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

13
7
30
3
0
2

Summary: In division, the divisor cannot be 0

Example 2:

//取模
int main() {

	int a1 = 10;
	int b1 = 3;

	cout << 10 % 3 << endl;

	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = 20;

	cout << a2 % b2 << endl;

	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = 0;

	//cout << a3 % b3 << endl; //取模运算时，除数也不能为0

	//两个小数不可以取模
	double d1 = 3.14;
	double d2 = 1.1;

	//cout << d1 % d2 << endl;


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

1
10

Summary: Only integer variables can be used in modulo operations.

Example 3:

//递增
int main() {

	//后置递增
	int a = 10;
	a++; //等价于a = a + 1
	cout << a << endl; // 11

	//前置递增
	int b = 10;
	++b;
	cout << b << endl; // 11

	//区别
	//前置递增先对变量进行++，再计算表达式
	int a2 = 10;
	int b2 = ++a2 * 10;
	cout << b2 << endl;

	//后置递增先计算表达式，后对变量进行++
	int a3 = 10;
	int b3 = a3++ * 10;
	cout << b3 << endl;


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

11
11
110
100

Summary: Prefix increment first applies ++ to the variable, then evaluates the expression; postfix increment is the opposite.

1.2.Assignment operator

**Function:** Used to assign the value of an expression to a variable

The assignment operators include the following symbols:

Example:

int main() {

	//赋值运算符

	// =
	int a = 10;
	a = 100;
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;

	// +=
	a = 10;
	a += 2; // a = a + 2;
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;

	// -=
	a = 10;
	a -= 2; // a = a - 2
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;

	// *=
	a = 10;
	a *= 2; // a = a * 2
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;

	// /=
	a = 10;
	a /= 2;  // a = a / 2;
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;

	// %=
	a = 10;
	a %= 2;  // a = a % 2;
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

a = 100
a = 12
a = 8
a = 20
a = 5
a = 0

1.3.Comparison operator

**Function:** Used to compare expressions and return a true or false value

Comparison operators include the following symbols:

Example:

int main() {

	int a = 10;
	int b = 20;

	cout << (a == b) << endl; // 0 

	cout << (a != b) << endl; // 1

	cout << (a > b) << endl; // 0

	cout << (a < b) << endl; // 1

	cout << (a >= b) << endl; // 0

	cout << (a <= b) << endl; // 1
	

	return 0;
}

Operation result:

0
1
0
1
0
1

Note: In comparison operations in C and C++ language, == "true" is represented by the number "1", and "false" is represented by the number "0".==

1.4.Logical operators

**Purpose:** Used to return a true value or false value based on the value of an expression.

Logical operators include the following symbols:

**Example 1:** Logical NOT

//逻辑运算符  --- 非
int main() {

	int a = 10;

	cout << !a << endl; // 0

	cout << !!a << endl; // 1


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

0
1

Summary: True becomes false, false becomes true

**Example 2:** Logic and

//逻辑运算符  --- 与
int main() {

	int a = 10;
	int b = 10;

	cout << (a && b) << endl;// 1

	a = 10;
	b = 0;

	cout << (a && b) << endl;// 0 

	a = 0;
	b = 0;

	cout << (a && b) << endl;// 0


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

1
0
0

Summary: Logical ==AND== operator summary: ==true only when both are true, otherwise false==

**Example 3:** Logical OR

//逻辑运算符  --- 或
int main() {

	int a = 10;
	int b = 10;

	cout << (a || b) << endl;// 1

	a = 10;
	b = 0;

	cout << (a || b) << endl;// 1 

	a = 0;
	b = 0;

	cout << (a || b) << endl;// 0


	return 0;
}

Operation result:

1
1
0

Logical ==OR== operator summary: ==false only when both are false; true otherwise==